Malaria is an infectious disease carried by vectors and ekaryoti protist microorganisms caused by the Plasmodium. Often called the 'flu' even though the flu is just one indication there are also many diseases that cause fever. Malaria is prevalent in parts of the tropical and subtropical including parts of the Americas, Asia and Africa. Each year, there are approximately 350-500 million malaria infections [1] between one and three million people die, most of them young children in African countries south of the Sahara. [2] Ninety percent of malaria deaths occur in African countries south of Sahara. Malaria is commonly associated with poverty, but is also a cause of poverty [3] and a major obstacle to economic development.
Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases and are a major problem of public health. Five species of the plasmodium parasite can infect humans; the worst forms of the disease are caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae causes disease in humans infinite very intensive and often do not know. A fifth species, Plasmodium knowlesi, causes malaria in macaques but can also infect humans. This group of species of Plasmodium humans usually referred to as malaria parasites.
Usually, people get malaria by being bitten by a female mosquito of the Anopheles infected communities. Anopheles mosquito only ones who can transmit malaria, and they must have been infected through blood were yofyonza from an infected person. Mosquito bit an infected person, a small amount of blood is taken, which contains human malaria parasites. A week later, when the mosquito takes its next blood meal, these parasites mix with the mosquito's saliva and enter the bloodstream who bites. The parasites multiply within red blood cells, causing symptoms such as anemia (mild headache, difficulty breathing, tachycardia, etc.), whether there are other general symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, flu-like illness, and in the worst cases, coma, and even death malaria transmission can be reduced by preventing mosquito bites with mosquito nets and prevent mosquito spray to prevent pests, or measures to control the spread of mosquitoes by taking measures such as spraying insecticides inside house and hitting drainage eliminate standing water where mosquitoes lay their eggs. Attempts have been made to the emergence of malaria vaccines without great success, with visually control methods and more exotic substances such as volatile switch of mosquitoes to make them resistant to the parasite have also been considered. [4]
Although research is ongoing, no vaccine is currently available provides protection to high standards against malaria [5]; preventive drugs must be taken continuously to reduce the risk of infection. These drugs to prevent infection is often too expensive for most people living in areas where the disease is found in abundance. Most adults living in the same areas that The disease has spread have a chronic infection that occurs frequently, and also have little immunity (protection); this immunity decreases over time, and such adults may become susceptible to severe malaria if they have spent a long time in areas where the disease is less common. Advised to take full precautions when they move into areas where the disease is prevalent. Malaria infections are treated with antimalarial drugs, such as quinine or artemisinin derivatives. However, parasites have evolved to be resistant to many of these drugs. Therefore, in some parts of the world, only a few drugs that are able to treat malaria effectively
